شرح قاعدة الماضي المستمر:
يُعد زمن الماضي المستمر (Past Continuous tense) واحدًا من أزمنة اللغة الإنجليزية المستخدمة لوصف حدث مستمر في الماضي وكانت جارية في وقت معين، ويشير إلى حدث كان مستمرًا في فترة زمنية محددة في الماضي.
تتكون جملة زمن الماضي المستمر من استخدام فعل "to be" في الماضي، متبوعًا بفعل رئيسي في صيغة "-ing". وعادةً ما يتم استخدام "was" لصيغة المفرد و "were" لصيغة الجمع، مثل:
I was studying English when she called me. (كنتُ أدرس اللغة الإنجليزية عندما اتصلت بها)
He was sleeping when the phone rang. (كان نائمًا عندما رن الهاتف)
They were playing football in the park. (كانوا يلعبون كرة القدم في الحديقة)
تُستخدم زمن الماضي المستمر لوصف أحداث معينة في الماضي وكيف كانت جارية في وقت معين، ومن أمثلة استخداماته:
1- لوصف حدث مستمر في الماضي:
"I was waiting for the bus when it started to rain."
(كنتُ أنتظر الحافلة عندما بدأت الأمطار)
2- لوصف حدثين جاريين في نفس الوقت في الماضي:
"She was cooking dinner while he was watching TV."
(كانت تطبخ العشاء بينما كان هو يشاهد التلفزيون)
3- لوصف حدث مستمر في فترة محددة من الماضي:
"I was living in London for five years before moving to Paris."
(كنتُ أعيش في لندن لمدة خمس سنوات قبل الانتقال إلى باريس)
4- لوصف حدث كان مستمرًا في الماضي ولكن تم إنهاؤه في وقت لاحق:
"She was studying for the exam all night long until she finished at 6 am."
(كانت تدرس للاختبار طوال الليل حتى انتهت في الساعة 6 صباحًا)
ومن الأمثلة على كيفية استخدام زمن الماضي المستمر بشكل صحيح:
- She was cooking dinner when the phone rang.
(كانت تطبخ العشاء عندما رن الهاتف)
- We were walking in the park when we saw a beautiful sunset.
(كنا نمشي في الحديقة عندما رأينا غروب شمس جميل)
- He was studying for his exam while listening to music.
(كان يدرس للاختبار بينما يستمع إلى الموسيقى)
- They were playing basketball when it started to rain.
(كانوا يلعبون كرة السلة عندما بدأت الأمطار)
- I was watching TV when I heard a loud noise from the kitchen.
(كنتُ أشاهد التلفزيون عندما سمعت ضجيجًا عاليًا من المطبخ).
إليك جدول يوضح تصريفات بعض الأفعال في زمن الماضي المستمر والمضارع المستمر، وفيما يلي بعض الأمثلة:- She was cooking dinner when the phone rang.
(كانت تطبخ العشاء عندما رن الهاتف)
- We were walking in the park when we saw a beautiful sunset.
(كنا نمشي في الحديقة عندما رأينا غروب شمس جميل)
- He was studying for his exam while listening to music.
(كان يدرس للاختبار بينما يستمع إلى الموسيقى)
- They were playing basketball when it started to rain.
(كانوا يلعبون كرة السلة عندما بدأت الأمطار)
- I was watching TV when I heard a loud noise from the kitchen.
(كنتُ أشاهد التلفزيون عندما سمعت ضجيجًا عاليًا من المطبخ).
| الفعل | المضارع المستمر | الماضي المستمر |
|---|---|---|
| eat | am/is/are eating | was/were eating |
| work | am/is/are working | was/were working |
| study | am/is/are studying | was/were studying |
| talk | am/is/are talking | was/were talking |
| play | am/is/are playing | was/were playing |
| drive | am/is/are driving | was/were driving |
| read | am/is/are reading | was/were reading |
| watch | am/is/are watching | was/were watching |
| run | am/is/are running | was/were running |
| sleep | am/is/are sleeping | was/were sleeping |
في النهاية، يجب أن يتم استخدام زمن الماضي المستمر بشكل صحيح لتوصيل المعنى الصحيح والتأكيد على الأحداث التي كانت جارية في الماضي. ويمكن استخدام هذا الزمن للتعبير عن أحداث ونشاطات كانت جارية في الزمن الماضي بشكل واضح ودقيق.
اختبر نفسك :
? Choose the correct sentence in the past continuous tense
a. They were eat dinner when the phone rang.
b. They were eating dinner when the phone rang.
c. They was eating dinner when the phone rang.
d. They was eat dinner when the phone rang.
الإجابة الصحيحة: b
? Which of the following sentences is in the past continuous tense
a. I will be walking to the store later.
b. She has been cooking all morning.
c. He is playing soccer with his friends.
d. They had gone to the beach last weekend.
الإجابة الصحيحة: ب
? Choose the correct sentence in the past continuous tense
a. She was watch TV when he came home.
b. She was watching TV when he came home.
c. She were watching TV when he came home.
d. She were watch TV when he came home.
الإجابة الصحيحة: b
? Which of the following sentences is in the past continuous tense
a. They played tennis yesterday.
b. He is studying for his exam.
c. We were walking in the park when it started to rain.
d. She has been working at the company for three years.
الإجابة الصحيحة: c
? Choose the correct sentence in the past continuous tense
a. He were talking to his friend on the phone.
b. He was talking to his friend on the phone.
c. He was talk to his friend on the phone.
d. He were talk to his friend on the phone.
الإجابة الصحيحة: b
? Which of the following sentences is in the past continuous tense
a. I have been to Paris twice.
b. She sings beautifully.
c. They were watching a movie when I arrived.
d. He will be visiting his grandparents next week.
الإجابة الصحيحة: c
? Choose the correct sentence in the past continuous tense
a. We was walking to the park when it started raining.
b. We were walking to the park when it started raining.
c. We were walk to the park when it started raining.
d. We was walk to the park when it started raining.
الإجابة الصحيحة: b
? Which of the following sentences is in the past continuous tense
a. He has been working for the company for five years.
b. They went to the beach last weekend.
c. I am reading a book right now.
d. We were swimming in the pool when it started to thunder.
الإجابة الصحيحة: d
? Choose the correct sentence in the past continuous tense
a. They were playing soccer all afternoon.
b. They played soccer all afternoon.
c. They will be playing soccer all afternoon.
d. They had played soccer all afternoon.
الإجابة الصحيحة: a
? Which of the following sentences is in the past continuous tense
a. She will be baking a cake for her friend's birthday.
b. They had gone to the museum before it closed.
c. We were driving to the airport when we saw an accident.
d. He reads books in his free time.
الإجابة الصحيحة: c
الأجابات ومناقشة الأسئلة علي رابط الواتساب والتليجرام
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